By Uses based on scientific evidence have been tested following uses in humans or animals. The safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. Several randomized placebo-controlled in humans indicate that melatonin taken by mouth, started on the day of travel (near bedtime at the destination) and continued for several days, reduces the number of days to establish a normal sleep pattern, shortens the time needed to fall asleep (sleep latency), improves alertness and reduces fatigue during the day, however these results are compelling, most studies have had methodological problems with the design and form of presenting the results, while some trials have found no benefits. In general, the scientific evidence does suggest benefits of melatonin for up to half of people who take it for jet lag (jet-lag).
More trials are needed to confirm these findings, determine the optimal dose and evaluate the use in combination with sleep aids that are sold under prescription. Grade A syndrome of delayed sleep phase syndrome Delayed sleep phase is a condition that results in the delay to sleep despite normal sleep patterns and sleep duration. Although these results are promising, further research is needed with larger studies before making a stronger recommendation. Grade B Sleep disturbances in children with neuro-psychiatric disorders There are several controlled trials and case reports of use in children with various disorders neuro-psychiatric disorders, including mental retardation, autism, psychiatric disorders, visual impairment or epilepsy. Studies have shown a decreased time to sleep (sleep latency) and increased sleep duration. It takes well-designed controlled trials among selected patient populations before a recommendation can be stronger or more specific. Grade B Insomnia in the elderly Several human studies report that melatonin taken by mouth 30 and 120 minutes before bedtime decreases the time needed to fall asleep (sleep latency) in elderly insomniacs, however, studies have not been a lot of quality in their designs and some research have found little or no benefit.
Most trials are of short duration (several days), so the unknown long-term effects. Grade B Improvement of sleep in healthy individuals Several studies have measured the effects of melatonin supplements in the sleep of healthy individuals have been used a wide range of doses, often orally 30 to 60 minutes before bedtime. Most trials are small and short, and without a design or rigorous reporting method. However, the weight of scientific evidence does suggest that melatonin decreases the time needed to fall asleep (sleep latency), increases the feeling of “sleepiness” and may increase sleep duration. We need better research in this area. Reference Grade B * grades: Grade A: Strong scientific evidence for this use; Grade B: Good scientific evidence for this use; Drug Administration and U.S. Food (FDA) does not regulate herbs and supplements strictly. There is no guarantee of strength, purity or safety of products, and effects may vary. Always read product labels. If you have a medical condition or are taking other drugs, herbs or supplements, you should consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting a new therapy. Consult a healthcare provider immediately if you experience side effects.
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